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MIME Type",{"type":677,"value":678,"toc":1628},"minimark",[679,689,715,738,750,754,765,774,808,817,834,908,923,938,942,968,1071,1084,1090,1100,1144,1150,1154,1158,1169,1172,1186,1194,1198,1201,1233,1242,1249,1253,1263,1274,1284,1287,1305,1312,1336,1348],[680,681,683,684,688],"h2",{"id":682},"what-does-applicationdicom-mean","What does ",[685,686,687],"code",{},"application\u002Fdicom"," mean?",[690,691,692,693,695,696,703,704],"p",{},"The ",[685,694,687],{}," media type identifies data in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine standard. A ",[697,698,700],"a",{"href":699},"\u002Ffile-extensions\u002Fdcm",[685,701,702],{},".dcm"," file can carry an image from CT, MRI, ultrasound, X-ray, or another modality together with the structured information needed to interpret it. DICOM also defines non-image objects, including structured reports, radiotherapy plans, waveforms, and presentation states, so it is more accurate to think of DICOM as a medical information format than as another photo format.",[705,706,707],"sup",{},[697,708,714],{"href":709,"ariaDescribedBy":710,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":713},"#user-content-fn-11",[711],"footnote-label","","user-content-fnref-11","1",[690,716,717,718,722,723,726,727,729,730],{},"The IANA registration recommends ",[697,719,720],{"href":699},[685,721,702],{}," for files saved to disk, except for the special ",[685,724,725],{},"DICOMDIR"," directory file. It describes the intended use as interchange of biomedical images and identifies ",[685,728,687],{}," as a binary media type.",[705,731,732],{},[697,733,737],{"href":734,"ariaDescribedBy":735,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":736},"#user-content-fn-1",[711],"user-content-fnref-1","2",[739,740,741,742],"note",{},"A DICOM file is one SOP Instance, but that instance may contain multiple image frames. A complete exam is commonly a collection of files organized into studies and series, not one self-contained picture.",[705,743,744],{},[697,745,749],{"href":746,"ariaDescribedBy":747,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":748},"#user-content-fn-2",[711],"user-content-fnref-2","3",[680,751,753],{"id":752},"where-did-dicom-come-from","Where did DICOM come from?",[690,755,756,757],{},"The American College of Radiology (ACR) and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) formed a joint committee in 1983 to make medical images and related information portable between equipment from different manufacturers. ACR-NEMA 1.0 appeared in 1985 and 2.0 in 1988. In 1993, the committee substantially revised that work and replaced it with the standard named DICOM.",[705,758,759],{},[697,760,764],{"href":761,"ariaDescribedBy":762,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":763},"#user-content-fn-3",[711],"user-content-fnref-3","4",[690,766,767,768],{},"That 1993 revision added support for TCP\u002FIP networks, offline file exchange, service-oriented operations, and formal conformance statements. The DICOM Standards Committee now maintains the multipart standard, which NEMA publishes and updates continuously.",[705,769,770],{},[697,771,764],{"href":761,"ariaDescribedBy":772,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":773},[711],"user-content-fnref-3-2",[690,775,776,777,779,780,786,794,795,798,799,801,802],{},"The file format predates its MIME registration. IANA records ",[685,778,687],{}," through RFC 3240, published in February 2002.",[705,781,782],{},[697,783,737],{"href":734,"ariaDescribedBy":784,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":785},[711],"user-content-fnref-1-2",[705,787,788],{},[697,789,793],{"href":790,"ariaDescribedBy":791,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":792},"#user-content-fn-4",[711],"user-content-fnref-4","5"," The registration also defines an ",[685,796,797],{},"id"," parameter for a DICOM File ID when a multipart message represents a file set. It is not a generic filesystem path, and it may be absent when no ",[685,800,725],{}," is included.",[705,803,804],{},[697,805,737],{"href":734,"ariaDescribedBy":806,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":807},[711],"user-content-fnref-1-3",[680,809,811,812,816],{"id":810},"how-do-you-identify-a-dcm-file","How do you identify a ",[697,813,814],{"href":699},[685,815,702],{}," file?",[690,818,819,820,823,824,827,828],{},"A DICOM PS3.10 file begins with a 128-byte preamble followed by the four ASCII characters ",[685,821,822],{},"DICM",". In hexadecimal, the prefix is ",[685,825,826],{},"44 49 43 4D"," at byte offset 128. File Meta Information follows the prefix and identifies the SOP Class, SOP Instance, transfer syntax, and implementation that wrote the file.",[705,829,830],{},[697,831,749],{"href":746,"ariaDescribedBy":832,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":833},[711],"user-content-fnref-2-2",[835,836,837,854],"table",{},[838,839,840],"thead",{},[841,842,843,847,851],"tr",{},[844,845,846],"th",{},"Region",[844,848,850],{"align":849},"right","Offset",[844,852,853],{},"Purpose",[855,856,857,869,882,897],"tbody",{},[841,858,859,863,866],{},[860,861,862],"td",{},"File preamble",[860,864,865],{"align":849},"0",[860,867,868],{},"128 bytes reserved for an application or media profile, normally zero-filled",[841,870,871,874,877],{},[860,872,873],{},"DICOM prefix",[860,875,876],{"align":849},"128",[860,878,879,880],{},"Four bytes spelling ",[685,881,822],{},[841,883,884,887,890],{},[860,885,886],{},"File Meta Information",[860,888,889],{"align":849},"132",[860,891,892,893,896],{},"Group ",[685,894,895],{},"0002"," elements encoded as Explicit VR Little Endian",[841,898,899,902,905],{},[860,900,901],{},"Data set",[860,903,904],{"align":849},"After the meta information",[860,906,907],{},"The SOP Instance encoded with the declared transfer syntax",[690,909,910,911,917,918,922],{},"The prefix is a useful signature, but a robust validator must also parse the meta elements and data set. DICOM explicitly warns readers not to use the preamble contents to decide whether the file is DICOM.",[705,912,913],{},[697,914,749],{"href":746,"ariaDescribedBy":915,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":916},[711],"user-content-fnref-2-3"," A ",[697,919,920],{"href":699},[685,921,702],{}," extension alone is likewise not proof of a valid or safe file.",[690,924,925,927,928,930,931,937],{},[685,926,725],{}," is a related special case. It is an index for a DICOM file set and also uses ",[685,929,687],{},", but its reserved filename distinguishes it from the referenced instances.",[705,932,933],{},[697,934,737],{"href":734,"ariaDescribedBy":935,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":936},[711],"user-content-fnref-1-4"," It should stay with the directory structure and files it indexes.",[680,939,941],{"id":940},"why-is-a-dicom-file-not-just-a-jpeg","Why is a DICOM file not just a JPEG?",[690,943,944,948,949,953,954,960],{},[697,945,947],{"href":946},"\u002Fmime-types\u002Fimage\u002Fjpeg","JPEG"," describes compressed pixels. DICOM describes a clinical object, its metadata, and how its values are encoded. The Pixel Data element inside a DICOM object may be uncompressed or encapsulated with a codec such as JPEG or ",[697,950,952],{"href":951},"\u002Fmime-types\u002Fimage\u002Fjp2","JPEG 2000",". The Transfer Syntax UID tells a DICOM reader which encoding rules and pixel codec apply.",[705,955,956],{},[697,957,749],{"href":746,"ariaDescribedBy":958,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":959},[711],"user-content-fnref-2-4",[705,961,962],{},[697,963,967],{"href":964,"ariaDescribedBy":965,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":966},"#user-content-fn-5",[711],"user-content-fnref-5","6",[835,969,970,983],{},[838,971,972],{},[841,973,974,977,980],{},[844,975,976],{},"Property",[844,978,979],{},"DICOM file",[844,981,982],{},"Ordinary JPEG file",[855,984,985,996,1022,1038,1049,1060],{},[841,986,987,990,993],{},[860,988,989],{},"Main purpose",[860,991,992],{},"Exchange a medical SOP Instance",[860,994,995],{},"Exchange a raster image",[841,997,998,1001,1007],{},[860,999,1000],{},"Typical extension",[860,1002,1003],{},[697,1004,1005],{"href":699},[685,1006,702],{},[860,1008,1009,1015,1016],{},[697,1010,1012],{"href":1011},"\u002Ffile-extensions\u002Fjpg",[685,1013,1014],{},".jpg"," or ",[697,1017,1019],{"href":1018},"\u002Ffile-extensions\u002Fjpeg",[685,1020,1021],{},".jpeg",[841,1023,1024,1027,1031],{},[860,1025,1026],{},"Media type",[860,1028,1029],{},[685,1030,687],{},[860,1032,1033],{},[697,1034,1035],{"href":946},[685,1036,1037],{},"image\u002Fjpeg",[841,1039,1040,1043,1046],{},[860,1041,1042],{},"Metadata model",[860,1044,1045],{},"Structured patient, study, series, equipment, and acquisition attributes",[860,1047,1048],{},"Usually JFIF and optional EXIF or XMP",[841,1050,1051,1054,1057],{},[860,1052,1053],{},"Pixel storage",[860,1055,1056],{},"Uncompressed or one of several declared transfer syntaxes",[860,1058,1059],{},"JPEG codestream in a conventional image wrapper",[841,1061,1062,1065,1068],{},[860,1063,1064],{},"May contain no image pixels",[860,1066,1067],{},"Yes",[860,1069,1070],{},"No",[690,1072,1073,1074,1078,1079,1083],{},"Extracting a JPEG-compressed frame does not preserve the surrounding DICOM object. Conversely, changing ",[697,1075,1076],{"href":699},[685,1077,702],{}," to ",[697,1080,1081],{"href":1011},[685,1082,1014],{}," does not make a browser understand the file.",[680,1085,1087,1088,816],{"id":1086},"how-do-you-open-an-applicationdicom-file","How do you open an ",[685,1089,687],{},[690,1091,1092,1093,1099],{},"General-purpose browsers do not provide a native DICOM study viewer. The IANA registration anticipates that generic applications may save DICOM data without being able to interpret it.",[705,1094,1095],{},[697,1096,737],{"href":734,"ariaDescribedBy":1097,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1098},[711],"user-content-fnref-1-5"," Use a DICOM-aware application instead:",[1101,1102,1103,1127,1141],"ul",{},[1104,1105,1106,1110,1111,1119],"li",{},[1107,1108,1109],"strong",{},"3D Slicer"," imports files into its DICOM database and then loads supported objects through its DICOM browser. Its documentation notes that DICOM has many information-object types, so extensions may be needed for specialized objects.",[705,1112,1113],{},[697,1114,1118],{"href":1115,"ariaDescribedBy":1116,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1117},"#user-content-fn-6",[711],"user-content-fnref-6","7",[705,1120,1121],{},[697,1122,1126],{"href":1123,"ariaDescribedBy":1124,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1125},"#user-content-fn-7",[711],"user-content-fnref-7","8",[1104,1128,1129,1132,1133],{},[1107,1130,1131],{},"OsiriX MD"," reads DICOM images and fields, organizes them in a database, and provides 2D, 3D, and 4D medical-image viewing on macOS.",[705,1134,1135],{},[697,1136,1140],{"href":1137,"ariaDescribedBy":1138,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1139},"#user-content-fn-8",[711],"user-content-fnref-8","9",[1104,1142,1143],{},"A PACS workstation or a healthcare provider's supplied viewer may be the right choice for a clinical study, especially when presentation states and series relationships matter.",[690,1145,1146,1147,1149],{},"Import the whole folder when possible. Opening one arbitrarily selected slice can omit the rest of the series, and moving files without their ",[685,1148,725],{}," can break a portable file set's index.",[1151,1152,1153],"warning",{},"A consumer image viewer is not a substitute for a diagnostic workstation. Windowing, calibration, overlays, presentation states, measurements, and series context can affect clinical interpretation.",[680,1155,1157],{"id":1156},"support-in-poly","Support in Poly",[690,1159,1160,1161,1165,1166,1168],{},"Poly recognizes ",[697,1162,1163],{"href":699},[685,1164,702],{}," filenames as ",[685,1167,687],{}," and classifies them in its archive category. It can store, sync, share, version, download, and find the outer file by name.",[690,1170,1171],{},"Poly currently treats the payload as opaque:",[1101,1173,1174,1177,1180,1183],{},[1104,1175,1176],{},"It does not parse DICOM tags, transfer syntaxes, frames, or pixel data.",[1104,1178,1179],{},"It does not index patient, study, series, modality, report text, or image content.",[1104,1181,1182],{},"It does not generate a medical-image thumbnail or provide an in-app DICOM viewer.",[1104,1184,1185],{},"The Poly agent cannot read or reason about the DICOM object's contents.",[690,1187,1188,1189,1193],{},"This classification is an internal processing choice. A DICOM object is not an archive of member files like ",[697,1190,1192],{"href":1191},"\u002Fmime-types\u002Fapplication\u002Fzip","ZIP",". Download it and use a trusted DICOM application when you need its clinical data. If you export a non-sensitive rendered image or report and add that separately, Poly can process the exported format through its normal image or document pipeline.",[680,1195,1197],{"id":1196},"converting-dicom-to-a-common-format","Converting DICOM to a common format",[690,1199,1200],{},"Choose the output according to what must survive:",[1101,1202,1203,1216,1221,1227],{},[1104,1204,1205,1215],{},[1107,1206,1207,1015,1211],{},[697,1208,1210],{"href":1209},"\u002Fmime-types\u002Fimage\u002Fpng","PNG",[697,1212,1214],{"href":1213},"\u002Fmime-types\u002Fimage\u002Ftiff","TIFF"," can preserve a rendered frame without adding another lossy generation. They do not preserve the complete DICOM metadata model or study relationships.",[1104,1217,1218,1220],{},[1107,1219,947],{}," is convenient for a small reference image, but it may introduce loss and usually reduces high-bit-depth medical pixels to a display-ready rendering.",[1104,1222,1223,1226],{},[1107,1224,1225],{},"NIfTI or NRRD"," is often more useful for volumetric analysis, but conversion combines a series and changes the metadata model. Verify orientation, spacing, units, and coordinate conventions in the destination tool.",[1104,1228,1229,1232],{},[1107,1230,1231],{},"DICOM-to-DICOM transcoding"," changes the transfer syntax while retaining the DICOM data model. This is preferable when the recipient still needs a clinical DICOM object.",[690,1234,1235,1236],{},"Use export features in a DICOM-aware application rather than renaming the file. 3D Slicer, for example, treats DICOM as an import-and-load workflow and supports exporting selected data from its scene to other formats.",[705,1237,1238],{},[697,1239,1118],{"href":1115,"ariaDescribedBy":1240,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1241},[711],"user-content-fnref-6-2",[1243,1244,1245,1246,1248],"tip",{},"Keep the original study and its directory structure. A rendered ",[697,1247,1210],{"href":1209}," or JPEG is useful for communication, but it is not a reversible replacement for the source DICOM instances.",[680,1250,1252],{"id":1251},"privacy-and-security-considerations","Privacy and security considerations",[690,1254,1255,1256,1262],{},"DICOM commonly carries identifying and sensitive medical information. The media-type registration specifically calls out individual demographic information and recommends protecting exchanges according to applicable confidentiality policy.",[705,1257,1258],{},[697,1259,737],{"href":734,"ariaDescribedBy":1260,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1261},[711],"user-content-fnref-1-6"," Patient identity can appear in standard attributes, private attributes, text, overlays, and pixels burned into an image.",[690,1264,1265,1266],{},"Deleting a few obvious tags is not reliable anonymization. DICOM PS3.15 defines confidentiality profiles and options for replacing or removing attributes, cleaning pixel data, handling recognizable visual features, and maintaining consistency across related instances. It also warns that applying attribute rules alone does not guarantee that an information object is de-identified.",[705,1267,1268],{},[697,1269,1273],{"href":1270,"ariaDescribedBy":1271,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1272},"#user-content-fn-9",[711],"user-content-fnref-9","10",[690,1275,1276,1277,1283],{},"The file structure itself needs defensive parsing. PS3.10 notes that the 128-byte preamble can contain malicious executable content and recommends validation or sanitization appropriate to the application.",[705,1278,1279],{},[697,1280,749],{"href":746,"ariaDescribedBy":1281,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1282},[711],"user-content-fnref-2-5"," Open untrusted files only with maintained DICOM software, and validate both structure and declared transfer syntax before further processing.",[690,1285,1286],{},"Before sharing a study outside its clinical system:",[1288,1289,1290,1293,1296,1299,1302],"ol",{},[1104,1291,1292],{},"Use a DICOM de-identification tool with a documented conformance profile.",[1104,1294,1295],{},"Review private attributes and free-text fields.",[1104,1297,1298],{},"Check pixels, overlays, and derived images for burned-in identifiers.",[1104,1300,1301],{},"Preserve consistent replacement UIDs across the complete study when relationships matter.",[1104,1303,1304],{},"Validate the result and transfer it through an access-controlled channel.",[680,1306,1308,1309,1311],{"id":1307},"how-does-applicationdicom-relate-to-dicomweb-types","How does ",[685,1310,687],{}," relate to DICOMweb types?",[690,1313,1314,1316,1317,1320,1321,1324,1325,1327,1328],{},[685,1315,687],{}," represents a binary PS3.10 instance. DICOMweb also defines representations for particular web-service resources, including ",[685,1318,1319],{},"application\u002Fdicom+json"," for the DICOM JSON Model and ",[685,1322,1323],{},"application\u002Fdicom+xml"," for the Native DICOM Model. Rendered resources may be delivered as ordinary image types such as ",[685,1326,1037],{},".",[705,1329,1330],{},[697,1331,1335],{"href":1332,"ariaDescribedBy":1333,"dataFootnoteRef":712,"id":1334},"#user-content-fn-10",[711],"user-content-fnref-10","11",[690,1337,1338,1339,1342,1343,1347],{},"These are adjacent representations, not alternate names for the same bytes. A server must serialize or render the DICOM information for the requested media type. Merely changing the HTTP ",[685,1340,1341],{},"Content-Type"," header does not convert a binary ",[697,1344,1345],{"href":699},[685,1346,702],{}," file to JSON, XML, or JPEG.",[1349,1350,1353,1358],"section",{"className":1351,"dataFootnotes":712},[1352],"footnotes",[680,1354,1357],{"className":1355,"id":711},[1356],"sr-only","Footnotes",[1288,1359,1360,1381,1439,1483,1506,1523,1539,1563,1579,1596,1612],{},[1104,1361,1363,1364,1373,1374],{"id":1362},"user-content-fn-11","DICOM Standards Committee. ",[697,1365,1369],{"href":1366,"rel":1367},"https:\u002F\u002Fdicom.nema.org\u002Fmedical\u002Fdicom\u002Fcurrent\u002Foutput\u002Fchtml\u002Fpart04\u002Fsect_b.5.html",[1368],"nofollow",[1370,1371,1372],"em",{},"DICOM PS3.4, Section B.5: Standard SOP Classes",". The registry of SOP Classes includes image, waveform, presentation-state, radiotherapy, and structured-report objects. ",[697,1375,1380],{"href":1376,"ariaLabel":1377,"className":1378,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-11","Back to reference 1",[1379],"data-footnote-backref","↩",[1104,1382,1384,1385,1392,1393,1397,1398,1403,1404,1403,1411,1403,1418,1403,1425,1403,1432],{"id":1383},"user-content-fn-1","Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. ",[697,1386,1389],{"href":1387,"rel":1388},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.iana.org\u002Fassignments\u002Fmedia-types\u002Fapplication\u002Fdicom",[1368],[1370,1390,1391],{},"application\u002Fdicom Media Type Registration",". The registration defines the subtype, parameters, binary encoding, privacy considerations, recommended ",[697,1394,1395],{"href":699},[685,1396,702],{}," extension, magic number, and intended use. ",[697,1399,1380],{"href":1400,"ariaLabel":1401,"className":1402,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-1","Back to reference 2",[1379]," ",[697,1405,1380,1409],{"href":1406,"ariaLabel":1407,"className":1408,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-1-2","Back to reference 2-2",[1379],[705,1410,737],{},[697,1412,1380,1416],{"href":1413,"ariaLabel":1414,"className":1415,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-1-3","Back to reference 2-3",[1379],[705,1417,749],{},[697,1419,1380,1423],{"href":1420,"ariaLabel":1421,"className":1422,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-1-4","Back to reference 2-4",[1379],[705,1424,764],{},[697,1426,1380,1430],{"href":1427,"ariaLabel":1428,"className":1429,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-1-5","Back to reference 2-5",[1379],[705,1431,793],{},[697,1433,1380,1437],{"href":1434,"ariaLabel":1435,"className":1436,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-1-6","Back to reference 2-6",[1379],[705,1438,967],{},[1104,1440,1363,1442,1449,1450,1403,1455,1403,1462,1403,1469,1403,1476],{"id":1441},"user-content-fn-2",[697,1443,1446],{"href":1444,"rel":1445},"https:\u002F\u002Fdicom.nema.org\u002Fmedical\u002Fdicom\u002Fcurrent\u002Foutput\u002Fhtml\u002Fpart10.html",[1368],[1370,1447,1448],{},"DICOM PS3.10: Media Storage and File Format for Media Interchange",". Section 7 specifies the preamble, prefix, file meta information, data-set encapsulation, and file-format security considerations. ",[697,1451,1380],{"href":1452,"ariaLabel":1453,"className":1454,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-2","Back to reference 3",[1379],[697,1456,1380,1460],{"href":1457,"ariaLabel":1458,"className":1459,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-2-2","Back to reference 3-2",[1379],[705,1461,737],{},[697,1463,1380,1467],{"href":1464,"ariaLabel":1465,"className":1466,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-2-3","Back to reference 3-3",[1379],[705,1468,749],{},[697,1470,1380,1474],{"href":1471,"ariaLabel":1472,"className":1473,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-2-4","Back to reference 3-4",[1379],[705,1475,764],{},[697,1477,1380,1481],{"href":1478,"ariaLabel":1479,"className":1480,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-2-5","Back to reference 3-5",[1379],[705,1482,793],{},[1104,1484,1363,1486,1493,1494,1403,1499],{"id":1485},"user-content-fn-3",[697,1487,1490],{"href":1488,"rel":1489},"https:\u002F\u002Fdicom.nema.org\u002Fmedical\u002Fdicom\u002Fcurrent\u002Foutput\u002Fchtml\u002Fpart01\u002Fsect_1.3.html",[1368],[1370,1491,1492],{},"DICOM PS3.1, Section 1.3: History",". The official history covers the ACR-NEMA committee, the 1985 and 1988 standards, and the 1993 DICOM revision. ",[697,1495,1380],{"href":1496,"ariaLabel":1497,"className":1498,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-3","Back to reference 4",[1379],[697,1500,1380,1504],{"href":1501,"ariaLabel":1502,"className":1503,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-3-2","Back to reference 4-2",[1379],[705,1505,737],{},[1104,1507,1509,1510,1517,1518],{"id":1508},"user-content-fn-4","Internet Engineering Task Force. ",[697,1511,1514],{"href":1512,"rel":1513},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.rfc-editor.org\u002Frfc\u002Frfc3240",[1368],[1370,1515,1516],{},"RFC 3240: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) - Application\u002Fdicom MIME Sub-type Registration",". The RFC published the media-type registration in February 2002. ",[697,1519,1380],{"href":1520,"ariaLabel":1521,"className":1522,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-4","Back to reference 5",[1379],[1104,1524,1363,1526,1533,1534],{"id":1525},"user-content-fn-5",[697,1527,1530],{"href":1528,"rel":1529},"https:\u002F\u002Fdicom.nema.org\u002Fmedical\u002Fdicom\u002Fcurrent\u002Foutput\u002Fchtml\u002Fpart05\u002Fsect_10.3.html",[1368],[1370,1531,1532],{},"DICOM PS3.5, Section 10.3: Default Lossy JPEG Compression Transfer Syntaxes",". The standard identifies separate DICOM transfer syntaxes for 8-bit and 12-bit JPEG coding. ",[697,1535,1380],{"href":1536,"ariaLabel":1537,"className":1538,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-5","Back to reference 6",[1379],[1104,1540,1542,1543,1550,1551,1403,1556],{"id":1541},"user-content-fn-6","3D Slicer Project. ",[697,1544,1547],{"href":1545,"rel":1546},"https:\u002F\u002Fslicer.readthedocs.io\u002Fen\u002Flatest\u002Fuser_guide\u002Fdata_loading_and_saving.html",[1368],[1370,1548,1549],{},"Data Loading and Saving",". The guide documents DICOM database import, loading, and export workflows. ",[697,1552,1380],{"href":1553,"ariaLabel":1554,"className":1555,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-6","Back to reference 7",[1379],[697,1557,1380,1561],{"href":1558,"ariaLabel":1559,"className":1560,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-6-2","Back to reference 7-2",[1379],[705,1562,737],{},[1104,1564,1542,1566,1573,1574],{"id":1565},"user-content-fn-7",[697,1567,1570],{"href":1568,"rel":1569},"https:\u002F\u002Fslicer.readthedocs.io\u002Fen\u002Flatest\u002Fdeveloper_guide\u002Fmodules\u002Fdicom.html",[1368],[1370,1571,1572],{},"DICOM Module Developer Guide",". The guide explains the variety of DICOM information objects and Slicer's plugin-based import and export support. ",[697,1575,1380],{"href":1576,"ariaLabel":1577,"className":1578,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-7","Back to reference 8",[1379],[1104,1580,1582,1583,1590,1591],{"id":1581},"user-content-fn-8","Pixmeo. ",[697,1584,1587],{"href":1585,"rel":1586},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.osirix-viewer.com\u002Fosirix\u002Fosirix-md\u002F",[1368],[1370,1588,1589],{},"OsiriX MD DICOM Viewer",". The product documentation describes its DICOM image, field, database, and multidimensional viewing support. ",[697,1592,1380],{"href":1593,"ariaLabel":1594,"className":1595,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-8","Back to reference 9",[1379],[1104,1597,1363,1599,1606,1607],{"id":1598},"user-content-fn-9",[697,1600,1603],{"href":1601,"rel":1602},"https:\u002F\u002Fdicom.nema.org\u002Fmedical\u002Fdicom\u002Fcurrent\u002Foutput\u002Fhtml\u002Fpart15.html",[1368],[1370,1604,1605],{},"DICOM PS3.15: Security and System Management Profiles",". Annex E defines attribute confidentiality profiles and options for de-identification. ",[697,1608,1380],{"href":1609,"ariaLabel":1610,"className":1611,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-9","Back to reference 10",[1379],[1104,1613,1363,1615,1622,1623],{"id":1614},"user-content-fn-10",[697,1616,1619],{"href":1617,"rel":1618},"https:\u002F\u002Fdicom.nema.org\u002Fmedical\u002Fdicom\u002Fcurrent\u002Foutput\u002Fhtml\u002Fpart18.html",[1368],[1370,1620,1621],{},"DICOM PS3.18: Web Services",". The standard defines DICOMweb media types for binary instances, JSON and XML metadata, bulk data, rendered resources, and thumbnails. ",[697,1624,1380],{"href":1625,"ariaLabel":1626,"className":1627,"dataFootnoteBackref":712},"#user-content-fnref-10","Back to reference 11",[1379],{"title":712,"searchDepth":1629,"depth":1629,"links":1630},2,[1631,1633,1634,1636,1637,1639,1640,1641,1642,1644],{"id":682,"depth":1629,"text":1632},"What does application\u002Fdicom mean?",{"id":752,"depth":1629,"text":753},{"id":810,"depth":1629,"text":1635},"How do you identify a .dcm file?",{"id":940,"depth":1629,"text":941},{"id":1086,"depth":1629,"text":1638},"How do you open an application\u002Fdicom file?",{"id":1156,"depth":1629,"text":1157},{"id":1196,"depth":1629,"text":1197},{"id":1251,"depth":1629,"text":1252},{"id":1307,"depth":1629,"text":1643},"How does application\u002Fdicom relate to DICOMweb types?",{"id":711,"depth":1629,"text":1357},"Learn what `application\u002Fdicom` files contain, how to identify and open them, and how Poly handles `.dcm` medical imaging files.","md",null,{},{"name":687,"extensions":1650,"magic-number":1651,"invented-date":1652,"inventor-name":1653,"in-use":12,"browser-support":1654,"example-applications":1656,"poly-support":1657,"poly-indexed":1658,"poly-preview":1659,"poly-agent":1660},[702],"44 49 43 4D at byte offset 128","1993","American College of Radiology and National Electrical Manufacturers Association",[1655],"No native browser support",[1109,1131],"Partial. Poly recognizes .dcm as application\u002Fdicom and stores, syncs, shares, and versions the file, but does not parse its DICOM data set.","Partial. Poly indexes the DICOM file's name and ordinary file properties, but not patient, study, series, modality, or pixel data.","No. Poly classifies DICOM as an archive and does not provide an in-app medical image viewer or generated thumbnail.","No. The Poly agent cannot read the DICOM data set or reason about its medical images and metadata.","\u002Fmime-types\u002Fapplication\u002Fdicom",{"title":1663,"description":1664},"application\u002Fdicom MIME Type: DICOM File Guide","A practical guide to application\u002Fdicom, including DCM identification, DICOM viewers, transfer syntaxes, privacy, conversion, and Poly support.","mime-types\u002Fapplication\u002Fdicom","g1zXG1XBkZbqSFdRHSl24NM1T37T-5qjbOVlawQaVlM",[1647,1647],{"data":1669,"body":1670},{},{"type":1671,"children":1672},"root",[1673],{"type":1674,"tag":690,"props":1675,"children":1676},"element",{},[1677],{"type":1678,"value":675},"text",{"data":1680,"body":1681},{},{"type":1671,"children":1682},[1683],{"type":1674,"tag":690,"props":1684,"children":1685},{},[1686,1688,1693,1695,1700],{"type":1678,"value":1687},"Learn what ",{"type":1674,"tag":685,"props":1689,"children":1691},{"className":1690},[],[1692],{"type":1678,"value":687},{"type":1678,"value":1694}," files contain, how to identify and open them, and how Poly handles ",{"type":1674,"tag":685,"props":1696,"children":1698},{"className":1697},[],[1699],{"type":1678,"value":702},{"type":1678,"value":1701}," medical imaging files.",1788325917402]